Un sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones para planificar la introducción de nuevos productos en las cadenas de suministro de alimentos perecederos
| Autor | Omar Ahumada Valenzuela, Jesus Rene Villalobos, Juan Carlos Leyva López, Jesús Jaime Solano Noriega |
| Cargo | Universidad Autónoma de Occidente - Arizona State University - Universidad Autónoma de Occidente - Universidad Autónoma de Occidente |
| Páginas | 66-82 |
Articles
A Decision Support System for Planning New Products Introductions in Fresh
Produce Supply Chains*
Un sistema de apoyo a la toma de decisiones para planificar la introducción de nuevos productos en las cadenas
de suministro de alimentos perecederos
Um sistema de apoio à tomada de decisões para planificar a introdução de novos produtos nas cadeias de
suprimentos de alimentos perecíveis
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.cao33.adssp
Date received: 26/08/2019
Date accepted: 16/10/2019
Date published: 20/05/2020
Omar Ahumada Valenzuela a
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente,
México
omar.ahumada@udo.mx
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0181-3578
Jesus Rene Villalobos
Arizona State University, Estados Unidos
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2530-9760
Juan Carlos Leyva López
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Colombia
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-6324
Jesús Jaime Solano Noriega
Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Colombia
ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8762-1453
Abstract:
is research develops an initial proposal of a Decision Support System –DSS– to plan the production and distribution of new
fresh agricultural products. is system is ba sed on a hierarchical approach, which can be applied to enterprises as a planning
module or as a stand-alone system for crop production. In this paper is stressed the importance of the DSS for small and medium-
sized companies, or for small group of growers that need to improve coordination between their growing and market decisions. e
DSS covers the strategic, tactical and operational decisions for every season, focusing on new product introduction. e aim of DSS
is increasing the competitiveness of growers in a highly variable and complex marketplace. e agri-food sector still needs evolving
to meet increasing demands, understand particular tastes of new consumers and evaluating the requirements of new players.
JEL Codes: M15, Q13, Q17
Keywords: Decision Support Systems, new product introduction, agri-food supply chain, production and distribution planning
of perishable products.
Resumen:
Esta investigación desarrolla una propuesta inicial de un Sistema de Apoyo a la toma de decisiones –DSS, siglas en inglés– para la
planicación y distribución en la agricultura de nuevos productos perecederos. Este sistema está basado en un enfoque jerárquico,
que puede ser implementado en las empresas como un módulo planicado o como un sistema independiente para planicar la
producción de la cosecha. En este artículo se resalta la importancia del DSS para las pequeñas y medianas empresas, o para grupos
de pequeños cultivadores que nec esitan mejorar la coordinación entre sus cultivos y sus de cisiones de mercado. El DSS cubre las
decisiones estratégicas, tácticas y operacionales para cada estación, centrándose en la introducción de nuevos productos. El objetivo
del DSS es incrementar la competitividad de los agricultores en un mercado altamente variable y complejo. El sector a grícola aún
necesita evolucionar para satisfacer las demandas crecientes, entender los gustos particulares de los nuevos consumidores y evaluar
los requerimientos de los nuevos actores.
Códigos JEL: M15, Q13, Q17
Author notes
a Corresponding author. E-mail: omar.ahumada@udo.mx
Cuadernos de Administración, 2020, vol. 33, ISSN: 0120-3592 / 1900-7205
Palabras clave: Sistemas de apoyo a la toma de decisiones, introducción de nue vos productos, cadena de suministro a grícola,
producción y distribución planicada de productos perecibles.
Resumo:
Esta pesquisa desenvolve uma proposta inicial de um Sistema de Apoio à tomada de decisões –DSS, sig las em inglês– para a
planicação e distribuição na agricultura de novos produtos perecíveis. Este sistema está baseado em um enfoque hierárquico que
pode ser levado a outras empresas como um módulo planicado ou como um sistema independente para planicar a produção
da colheita. Neste artigo destaca-se a importância do DSS para as pequenas e medianas empresas, ou para grupos p equenos
de agricultores que precisam melhorar a coordenação entre seus cu ltivos e suas decisões de mercado. O D SS cobre as decisões
estratégicas, táticas e operacionais para cada estação, se centrando na introdução de novos produtos. O objetivo do DSS é
incrementar a competitividade dos agricultores em um mercado altamente variável e complexo. O setor agrícola ainda precisa
evoluir para satisfazer as demandas crescentes, entender os gostos particulares dos novos consumidores e avaliar os requerimentos
dos novos atores.
Códigos JEL: M15, Q13, Q17
Palavras-chave: Sistemas de apoio à tomada de decisões, introdução de novos produtos, cadeia de fornecimento agrícola,
produção e distribuição planicada de produtos perecíveis.
Introduction
e present research aims to provide fresh produce growers (usually small and medium or cooperatives), with
adequate planning tools to tackle new product introduction and the decisions regarding production and
distribution of these products, with the objective of maximizing their protability. e tools we propose on
this research are essential for the long-term success of growers in this sector, which are usually operating on
an environment that is very complex and competitive, dominated by large processors and retailers.
Growers must improve their competitiveness by developing new products, reducing production costs,
logistics costs, product handling, food safety and improving commercialization. Without these requirements,
there cannot be value added, for example in the form of better export prices, or reaching hig h end markets.
ese same requirements are increasing at national and local markets as well. Since customers demand better
access to safe, clean and nutritious foods for a growing and more demanding population, and to improve food
safety (Sagarpa, 2010).
If medium and small-scale growers (the vast majority of growers) do not improve on the above mentioned
requirements, they will lose competitiveness and could potentially be le out of global markets. Which could
have repercussions in the economy of rural areas and could affect foo d production. is last effect is very
negative given that by the year 2050, world population is expected to reach 9,300 million, and the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations expects that food demand to feed these people will increase
by 60% with respect to current food production levels (Alexandratos & Bruinsma, 2012).
Putting more pressure on current production is the fact that the added population will not only demand
more food, but it will require higher levels of hea lthy food, like fruits, vegetables. For example, in the case
of the US there is now an expectation from consumers to have a year round availability of food at the
supermarket aisles (traditional and nontraditional foods), which implies more imports and the introduction
of new technologies in order to meet this demand (Perosio et al., 2001).
To meet with all these new requirements, current and future food supply chains must keep developing new
products and services, which are able to comply and to compete in the g lobal marketplace. ere is relevant
evidence that the speed of new product development is accelerating , but at the same time the amount of
product failures is increasing (Little, Aqueveque, & Aguilera, 2015).
Nonetheless, the development of new products is becoming an essential part of food supply chains, and
one that requires the participation of all the stakeholders, such as seed growers, retailers, farmers, distributors,
etc. (Linnemann et al., 2015). It is also true, that for launching successful new products, chains should have
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