The Balkans: Western Balkans Route
| Autor | José Ignacio García, S. J./Cinzia Fenu |
| Páginas | 191-215 |
:
Social characteriz ation of the border and migratory ows
:
e European Union ()’s eastern external border stretches more than
, km from northern Finland to Greece. e borders with Russia,
Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova and Turkey; but also, with a group of countries of
former Yugoslavia (Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia).
Although obviously, it is an area of access to the , its role has always ap-
peared mitigated in the general context of migration in Europe. is is be-
cause, on the one hand, some migratory movements originate in the region
itself, especially from t he countries of former Yugoslavia facilitated by easy
access to visas or work permits within the ’s neighbourhood policies.
Especially for ve countries since : Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Montenegro, Serbia and Macedonia. Another reason for the more second-
ary role-played by these countries in access to Europe is that they became
an added administ rative lter for those who wanted to accede to the Union
(see Figure ).
Figure shows that the Western Balkan route had a minimal im-
pact on migratory movements in the European Union until when the
crisis in Syria tra nsformed it into a priority access route for more than
two million people from -. e gures can give an idea of how
disruptive this period is and how it occurs in a region with very limited
capacity to deal with m igratory ows. In fact, this route, which has been
considered a minority and insignica nt route, has reached its full poten-
tial during this period of crisis, returning to gures. Because of all
the attention, it has attracted during t his enormous displacement, and it
has drawn even more attention at the European level (Taleski, ).
José Ignacio García, S. J., and
Cinzi a Fenu
José Ignacio García, S. J., and Cinzia Fenu
Figure . e Ba lkans Route
Source: e Refugees Map (n.d.).
N
Hamburg
GERMANY
Frankfurt
Munich Vienna
GREECE
HUNGARY
SERBIA
AUSTRIA
CROATI A
BOSNIA
MACEDONIA
Athens
TURKEY
FRANCE
ITALY BULG ARIA
ROMANIA
UKRAINE
BELARUS
CZECH
RE P.
POLAND
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
3,090 2,370 4,650 19,000
260,000
764,038
43,360
19,950
6,390
Figure . Nu mber of illegal border crossing us ing the Western Balkan Route
Source: Taleski ().
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