Cultural Diplomacy for Colombia: An opportunity to Be Taken
| Autor | Sandra Montoya Ruiz |
| Cargo | Professor at Rosario University, political scientist, master in International Affairs, specialist in CSR and development, and PhD candidate on Policy and International Studies |
| Páginas | 175-194 |
175
Via Inveniendi Et Iudicandi
e-ISSN: 1909-0528 | https://doi.org/10.15332/19090528
Vol. 17 N.º 1 | enero-junio del 2022
Cultural Diplomacy for Colombia:
An Opportunity to Be Taken*
La diplomacia cultural para Colombia:
una oportunidad que debe ser aprovechada
[Artículos]
Sandra Montoya Ruiz**
Fecha de recepción: 2 de septiembre del 2021
Fecha de aprobación: 15 de diciembre del 2021
Citar como:
Montoya Ruiz, S. (2022). Cultural Diplomacy for Colombia: An Opportunity to Be
Taken. Via Inveniendi Et Iudicandi, 17(1), 175-194.
https://doi.org/10.15332/19090528.7746
Abstract
This paper elaborates on the results of qualitative research on the role of cultural
diplomacy in Colombian foreign policy between 1991 and 2014 and its links
with the current scenario. Based on a comparative analysis of various
experiences on cultural diplomacy from five States, and taking Wendt’s
constructivism in dialogue with Nyes’ soft power, the paper elaborates on the
current challenges of Colombian cultural diplomacy. This paper argues, that
despite the minor and discontinuous role of this diplomacy in the Colombian
Foreign Policy, there is an opportunity to be taken for re-framing the role of the
Colombian State in the construction of a postconflict scenario and the
achievement of a renewed Colombian performance in the international system.
Keywords: cultural diplomacy, postconflict, Colombia, foreign policy,
human rights.
* This paper is part of the Research Group Policy and International Studies – Rosario University
(Bogota – Colombia) and is the product of the research project: Cultural Diplomacy for Colombia:
An Opportunity to Be Taken.
** Professor at Rosario University, political scientist, master in International Affairs, specialist in
CSR and development, and PhD candidate on Policy and International Studies. E-mail:
politologa85mruiz@gmail.com; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6011-418X
176
Via Inveniendi Et Iudicandi
e-ISSN: 1909-0528 | https://doi.org/10.15332/19090528
Vol. 17 N.º 1 | enero-junio del 2022
Resumen
El artículo reflexiona sobre los resultados de una investigación cualitativa acerca
del rol de la diplomacia cultural en la política exterior colombiana entre 1991 y
el 2014 y sus vínculos con el actual escenario. A partir del análisis comparado
de diversas experiencias de diplomacia cultural de cuatro Estados, y acogiendo
una aproximación anclada en el constructivismo de Wendt y el soft power de
Nye, el artículo argumenta que esta diplomacia, a pesar del rol menor y
discontinuo en la política exterior colombiana, representa una oportunidad que
debe ser aprovechada para re-encaminar el rol del Estado colombiano en favor
de la construcción del escenario de posconflicto y para renovar el papel de
Colombia en el sistema internacional.
Palabras clave: diplomacia cultural, postconflicto, Colombia, política exterior,
derechos humanos.
Introduction
The international scenario witnesses a new stage of the State, traced by changes
and transformations in the nature of resources that influence actors’ behavior
within the international system. Non-Western powers such as China, India, Japan,
and Russia play substantial roles on the international agenda while emerging
powers deploy international leadership to address glocal (i. e., global and local)
challenges. The United States (US) and the European Union (EU), whose
economies during the twentieth century built a tradition of stability and solidity,
have witnessed periods of a financial crisis. In Europe, migratory flows defy both
integration projects and the EU’s vision of security and defense.
Simultaneously, armed conflicts continue to be the greatest threat to human
development in the world. As the UN (2015) points out, almost 60 million people
have been forced to leave their homes, which is the highest number of forcibly
displaced people since the Second World War. In 2015, during the deadline for
achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), the UN Secretary-General
highlighted:
I am keenly aware that inequalities persist and that progress has been uneven.
The world's poor remain overwhelmingly concentrated in some parts of the
world. In 2011, nearly 60 percent of the world’s one billion extremely poor
people lived in just five countries. Too many women continue to die during
pregnancy or from childbirth-related complications. Progress tends to bypass
women and those who are lowest on the economic ladder or are disadvantaged
because of their age, disability, or ethnicity. Disparities between rural and urban
areas remain pronounced. (UN, 2015, p. 3)
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