Explorando de los factores que posibilitan los resultados de innovación. Un análisis a nivel empresarial de compañías peruanas
| Autor | Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna, Fátima Ponce Regalado, Miguel Cordova |
| Cargo | PhD in Science Economics by the University of the Basque Country (Spain)/M.D. in Economics by the Pontifical Catholic University of Río de Janeiro (Brazil)/M. D. in Business Administration by the Business School Centrum Católica |
| Páginas | 97-112 |
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ABSTRACT
Most innovation research has been primarily focused on developed countries, creating a gap in the
literature related to innovation processes in emerging markets, such as Latin America. Even as some
studies aim at this region, their approach is usually conducted from the standpoint of a R+D funding
perspective only. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between resources for innovation and
sources of innovation with innovation outcomes, using a sample of Peruvian companies that received
public funds for the development of innovative activities. This study found evidence that resources
for innovation and sources of innovation have a positive influence on innovation outcomes. Moreover,
resources for innovation are related to non-technological innovation, although internal R+D is the most
frequently used by companies, even when it is not related to product, nor to process innovation. Sources
of innovation are related to product innovation and firms have shown an incipient use of inter-firm
collaboration strategies to gain access to them.
KEYWORDS
Enabler factors, innovation outcomes, public funds, Peru.
RESUMEN
La mayoría de la investigación en innovación se enfoca en países desarrollados, creando un vacío en
la literatura relacionada a los procesos de innovación en mercados emergentes, tales como América
Latina. Incluso cuando algunos estudios apuntan a esta región, estos solo se aproximan desde la
perspectiva de fondos para I+D. Este artículo apunta a discutir la relación entre los recursos para la
innovación y las fuentes de innovación con sus resultados, usando una muestra de empresas peruanas
que recibieron fondos públicos orientados al desarrollo de actividades innovadoras. Los resultados
muestran que los recursos para la innovación y las fuentes de innovación tienen influencia positiva
en los resultados de innovación. Además, los recursos para la innovación están relacionados con la
innovación no tecnológica, siendo el I+D interno el más usado por las empresas incluso cuando este no
está relacionado con la innovación de producto o de proceso; mientras que las fuentes de la innovación
están relacionadas con la innovación del producto, aunque las empresas demostraron un uso incipiente
de estrategias colaborativas como fuente para ello.
EXPLORING ENABLING FACTORS FOR INNOVATION OUTCOMES.
A FIRM-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF PERUVIAN COMPANIES
EXPLORANDO DE LOS FACTORES QUE POSIBILITAN LOS RESULTADOS DE INNOVACIÓN. UN ANÁLISIS A NIVEL
EMPRESARIAL DE COMPAÑÍAS PERUANAS
JEAN PIERRE SECLENLUNA
FÁTIMA PONCE REGALADO
MIGUEL CORDOVA
JEL CODES: O, O, O
Received: 30/08/2019
Modified: 18/12/2019
Accepted: 01/06/2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17230/
Ad-minister.36.5
1 PhD in Science Economics by the University of the Basque Country (Spain), Associate Professor
Full Time at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, email: jseclen@pucp.pe ORCID: https://orcid.
org/0000-0003-1683-0570
2 M.D. in Economics by the Pontifical Catholic University of Río de Janeiro (Brazil), Associate Professor
Full Time at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, email: fponce@pucp.edu.pe ORCID: https://
orcid.org/0000-0002-2437-4029
3 M. D. in Business Administration by the Business School Centrum Católica, Associate Professor Full
Time at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, email: cordova.miguel@pucp.edu.pe ORCID: https://
orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-8803
AD-minister Nº. 36 enero - junio 2020 pp. 97 - 112 · ISSN 1692-0279 · eISSN 2256-4322
Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna · Fátima Ponce Regalado · Miguel Cordova
Exploring enabling factors for innovation outcomes. A firm-level analysis of peruvian companies
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PALABRAS CLAVE:
Factores habilitadores, resultados de innovación, fondos públicos, Perú
. INTRODUCTION
Innovation has been studied worldwide for decades from dierent perspectives due
to its multidimensional nature (Dodgson et al., 2014). Nevertheless, most studies
have focused on developed economies, having less emphasis on emerging ones,
such as Latin America, which has only been studied according to expenses of
R&D, innovative performance and firms’ profit (Heredia-Perez et al., 2019). As such,
there is a gap in the research for the process of innovation in emerging markets
(Becheikh et al., 2006; Geldes et al., 2017). Moreover, Latin America’s innovation
studies were initiated late and still present a marginal contribution to the field
(Ketelhöhn & Ogliastri, 2013). In fact, these studies have been developed later than
those of the United States and Europe (Tello-Gamarra et al., 2018). These authors
in their bibliometric analysis find that Latin America still lags behind the reference
countries, due to accounting for only 2.75% of the entire bibliography for innovation.
Innovation in these countries mostly occurs through the absorption, adaptation and
mastery of already existing technologies, which came from abroad, rather than the
invention of new technologies inside (Goedhuys & Veugelers, 2012).
Business innovation-related literature is extensive, including dierent
perspectives at the firm, industry, and regional levels (Teece, 2007; Cooke, 2008;
Malerba & Adams, 2014). Many of internal and external factors have influenced the
innovation process. For example, qualified personnel, investments in R&D activities,
supply of machinery, acquisition of ICT, cooperation with customers, competitors,
and suppliers among other external actors (Becheikh et al., 2006; Tidd & Bessant,
2013). Therefore, it is relevant to identify explanatory variables that determine the
innovation outcomes (Seclen-Luna & Barrutia-Güenaga, 2018).
In order to shed more light on the enabler factors for innovation outcomes, this
study analyses micro-evidence from a group of innovative Peruvian firms. In recent
years, although Peru has been lagged in the ranking of innovation at the Global
Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum, 2018), Peruvian governmental
bodies promote innovation through several policy instruments, which have
increased considerately during the last seven years, according to the National
Council for Science, Technology and Technological Innovation (CONCYTEC, 2018).
For example, the Peruvian Ministry of Production promotes the competitiveness of
Peruvian firms. One way to achieve these goals is through the financing of innovative
projects, to deploy new products or processes, and its subsequent successful
introduction into the market (Seclen-Luna & Ponce-Regalado, 2018).
This study contributes to the theory of innovation processes (Heredia-Pérez et
al., 2019) in the Peruvian context by reinforcing the assumption that resources for
innovation and the sources of innovation are factors that influence innovation outcomes
by using econometric regressions. This research shows how these factors are related
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