A Mathematical Programming Model to Identification and Reduce the Cause of Project Delays by using Gray Multimoora Method
| Autor | Farnoosh Forouhar, Saber Safarialadoolat, Seyed Mehdi Abtahi |
| Cargo | Farnoosh Forouhar, Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran M.A student of industrial engineering, Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran Saber Safarialadoolat, Pasargad Higher Education Institute, Shiraz, Iran M.A student of electrical power engineering, Pasargad Higher Education Institute, Shiraz, Iran Seyed Mehdi Abtahi, ... |
| Páginas | 167-183 |
Vol. 7 Núm. 16
/Septiembre-Octubre 2018
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Artículo de investigación
A Mathematical Programming Model to Identification
and Reduce the Cause of Project Delays by using Gray
Multimoora Method
Un modelo de programación matemática para identificar y reducir la causa de los retrasos del
proyecto utilizando el método de Gray Multimoora
Um Modelo de Programação Matemática para Identificação e Redução da Causa de Atrasos no
Projeto Usando o Método Multimoora Cinza
Recibido: 20 de abril de 2018. Aceptado: 10 de mayo de 2018
Written by:
Farnoosh Forouhar*23
Saber Safarialadoolat24
Seyed Mehdi Abtahi25
Abstract
A distinctive problem related to projects is the
delay in the process of executing them. In
general, delays are due to different factors which
are originated fr om the individuals who are
concerned with the projects. This problem is
more important in megaprojects because of their
complexity, uncertainty and long execution time.
If the causes of d elays are identified at the
beginning of their execution, they can be
prevented or reduced through appropriate
activities. Changes in any factors of the project
such as h uman forces, constructing material and
other res ources may cause delays in timing the
projects. This is an applied research in which
theoretical data were collected using the library
method. Interviews and questionnaires
distributed among the experts of this field were
the tools of c ollecting data. Through a short
review on delays in p rojects, 10 common
effective reasons were found which were related
to the employer, contractor and the consultant.
This study was conducted and weighed on the
projects of local electricity power companies in
Fars province. Using the three aspects of Gray
MULTIMOORA, a model was designed t o
prioritize the factors that cause the delay. This
study suggests some solutions to control and
reduce the delays.
Resumen
Un problema distintivo relaci onado con los
proyectos es el retraso en el proceso d e
ejecución. En general, los retrasos se deben a
diferentes factores que se originan en las
personas que están preocupadas con l os
proyectos. Este problema es más importante en
los megaproyectos debido a su c omplejidad,
incertidumbre y largo tiempo de ejecución. Si las
causas de los retrasos se identifican al comienzo
de su ejecución, se pueden prevenir o reducir
mediante actividades apropiadas. Los cambios en
cualquier factor del proyecto, como las fu erzas
humanas, la construcción de materiales y otros
recursos pueden causar retrasos en el
cronograma de los proyectos. Esta es una
investigación aplicada en la que los datos teóricos
se recopilaron utilizando el método de la
biblioteca. Las entrevistas y los cuestionarios
distribuidos entre los expertos de este campo
fueron las herramientas de recolección de datos.
A través de una breve revisión de los retrasos en
los proyectos, se encontraron 10 razones
efectivas comunes relacionadas con el
empleador, el contratista y el consultor. Este
estudio se realizó y pesó sobre l os proyectos de
las compañías eléctricas locales en la provincia de
Fars. Utilizando l os tres a spectos de Gray
MULTIMOORA, se diseñó un modelo para
priorizar los factores que causan el retraso. Este
23
M.A student of industrial engineering, Zand Institute of Higher Education, Shiraz, Iran.
24
M.A student of electrical power engineering, Pasargad Higher Education Institute, Shiraz, Iran.
25
Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.
*Forouhar1991@gmail.com
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168
Keywords: model, delay, project, Gray
MULTIMOORA.
estudio sugiere algunas soluciones para controlar
y reducir los retrasos.
Palabras claves: Modelo, retraso, pr oyecto,
gris MULTIMOORA.
Resumo
Um problema distinto relacionado aos projetos é o atraso no processo de ex ecução. Em geral, os atrasos
são devidos a diferentes fatores que são originados dos indivíduos que estão preocupados com os projetos.
Este problema é mais importante em megaprojetos devido à sua complexidade, incerteza e longo tempo
de execução. Se as causas de atrasos forem identificadas no início de sua execução, elas podem ser evitadas
ou reduzidas p or meio de atividades apropriadas. Mudanças em quaisquer fatores do projeto, tais como
forças humanas, construção de material e outros recursos podem causar atrasos no cronograma dos
projetos. Esta é uma pesquisa aplicada em que dados teóricos foram coletados usando o método de
biblioteca. Entrevistas e questionários distribuídos entre os especialistas deste campo foram as ferramentas
de coleta d e dados. Através de uma breve revisão sobre os atrasos nos projetos, foram encontrados 10
motivos efetivos comuns relacionados ao empregador, ao contratado e ao consultor. Este estudo foi
conduzido e pesado sobre os projetos de empresas locais de energia elétrica na província de Fars. Usando
os três aspectos do MULTIMOORA Cinza, um modelo foi projetado para priorizar os fatores que causam
o atraso. Este estudo sugere algumas soluções para controlar e reduzir os atrasos.
Palavras-chave: Modelo, atraso, projeto, cinza MULTIMOORA.
Introduction
A common problem in civil project is the delay in
executing and exploiting them. Generally
speaking, one of the main factors of a successful
evaluation of a project is executing it in the
determined time so that there is no delay in
completing the project. Environmental changes
are dynamic indices of projects which happen a
lot when executing a project. In comparison with
other factors, achieving time goals is the m ost
important index of the success of a project. One
of the distinctive problems of executing a project
is the delay in executing it (Terohid, 2004). Delay
is a phenomenon that prolongs the time schedule
of a contract. In another word, delay is an interval
between the designed and real-time of executing
a project. In general, delays are due to different
reasons which are ori ginated from t he
performance of the groups involved in the
project (Hajivand et al, 2 011). Delay is a threat
for the beneficiari es of a project, both the
government and the people. The most important
and expensive loss which is originated from the
delay is the waste of time. This in turn, increases
the costs, cau ses the dissatisfaction of the
citizens, makes the urban environment
unpleasant and creates traffic problems. Delay in
huge civil projects such as those of the local
electricity power company in Fars province. In
these projects, the electricity power company
constructs transferring and distributing
electricity lines and power plants.
As it was mentioned, any delay has different
effects on the project. For instance, it prolongs
the time of completing the project, increases the
direct and indirect costs, prevents from achieving
the predetermined goals and wastes the time.
These problems can make disputes between the
beneficiaries of the project and they may make a
claim. Sometimes the delay may result in legal
trials. All these consequences take a lot of time,
cost, and energy. Thus, it is necessary to develop
appropriate processes and methods to identify
and analyze the delay, its causes and the way of
managing it.
All managers want to reduce the losses of the
project. Despite detailed timing at the beginning
of the project, using high technologies and
project managing techniques, usually, the
average of time and cost losses are significantly
higher than the predicted programs. It is worth
mentioning that despite all developm ents,
executing more projects and consequently being
more experienced, logically the delays and the
time of executing projects should be reduced
while to some extent it is not possible. In most
projects, using trial and error method and the
Forouhar, F., Safarialadoolat, S., Mehdi, S. /
Vol. 7 Núm. 16: 167-
183/ Septiembre - Octubre 2018
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