¿Cómo perciben las generaciones jóvenes las diferencias de género?: Un estudio de caso
| Autor | Yunus YildizRecep Bilgin |
| Cargo | Ph.D., Assistant Professor, English Language Teaching Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq. / Ma, Instructor, English Language Teaching Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq. |
| Páginas | 28-44 |
28
www .am azon iai nves tiga .inf o I SSN 232 2- 6307
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.64.04.3
How to Cite:
Yildiz, Y., & Bilgin, R. (2023). How do young generations perceive gender differences?: A case study. Amazonia Investiga, 12(64),
28-44. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2023.64.04.3
How do young generations perceive gender differences?: A case study
Genç Nesiller Cinsiyet Farklılıklarını Nasıl Algılıyor?: Bir Örnek İncelemesi
Received: February 1, 2023 Accepted: April 3, 2023
Written by:
Yunus Yildiz1
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4471-457X
Recep Bilgin2
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-218X
Abstract
There is a difference between sex and gender.
Just as sex expresses biological differences,
gender also refers to the difference created in
mutual relations in social life. Different factors
feed the perception of gender socially. Therefore,
some stereotypes have developed between both
sexes against each other. How these stereotypes
emerged in the z-generation living in the internet
age has been shown in this study through the
sample taken. For this, the students were asked
how they approached some stereotypes about
their gender and the opposite gender, and the
results were compared. In the questionnaire,
there are multiple-choice questions and Likert
scale-type questions. The differences between
the students' answers were revealed statistically,
and it was also examined in the SPSS program
whether there were significant differences.
According to the results obtained, it was
concluded that although these students made
significant progress on gender stereotypes, they
still carry stereotypes on some issues.
Keywords: Sex and Gender, Stereotypes,
Gender Differences.
Özet
Biyolojik cinsiyet ve toplumsal cinsiyet arasında
fark vardır. Biyolojik cinsiyet nasıl biyolojik
farklılıkları ifade ediyorsa toplumsal cinsiyet de
toplumsal hayatta karşılıklı ilişkilerde yaratılan
farklılığı ifade eder. Toplumsal cinsiyet algısını
besleyen farklı faktörler vardır. Bu nedenle, her iki
cins arasında birbirine karşı bazı kalıp yargılar
gelişmiştir. İnternet çağında yaşayan Z kuşağında
bu kalıp yargıların nasıl ortaya çıktığı bu çalışmada
alınan örneklem üzerinden gösterilmiştir. Bunun
için öğrencilere kendi cinsiyetleri ve karşı cinsle
ilgili bazı kalıpyargılara nasıl yaklaştıkları
sorulmuş ve sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Ankette
çoktan seçmeli Likert tipi sorular yer almaktadır.
Öğrencilerin cevapları arasındaki farklar
istatistiksel olarak ortaya konmuş ve anlamlı fark
olup olmadığı SPSS programında da incelenmiştir.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bu öğrencilerin
toplumsal cinsiyet kalıpyargıları konusunda
önemli ilerlemeler kaydetmelerine rağmen bazı
konularda hala kalıpyargıları taşıdıkları sonucuna
varılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Biyolojik Cinsiyet ve
Toplumsal Cinsiyet, Kalıpyargılar, Cinsiyet
Farklılıkları.
Introduction
As a result of the struggles of women in the last
century against the male-dominated
understanding inherited from traditional society,
many judgments have changed, and women have
gained significant social and political rights.
However, some problematic situations still arise
in this regard. The stereotypes that different
1
Ph.D., Assistant Professor, English Language Teaching Department, Faculty of Education, Tis hk International University, Erbil,
Iraq.
2
Ma, Instructor, English Language Teaching Department, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq.
sexes feed against each other in mutual social
relations play very active roles. There are many
different factors in the formation of these
stereotypes. T he stereotypes that emerge in the
processes and are psychologically based and
nourished by social lif e can emerge in positive
and negative ways. In the modern world, women
Yildiz, Y., Bilgin, R. / Volume 12 - Issue 64: 28-44 / April, 2023
Volume 12 - Issue 64
/ April 2023
29
htt p:/ / ww w.a mazo niai nves tig a.in fo I SSN 2322 - 6 307
have many stereotypes against men and men
against women. Although these judgments have
undergone great changes over time, they
continue to exist.
In this study, it has tried to measure how much
high school and university students, known as the
Z-generation and especially children of the
internet age, carry these stereotypes within the
developing media tools. Thus, the point reached
by the women's struggle for equality, which has
been going on for nearly a century, was recorded
in this sample.
Literature Review
Sex and Gender
The concept of sex is related to the physical
characteristics of people and is used to show the
body features that distinguish men and women
(Nicholson, 1994). On the other hand, gender is
about the mental structures shaped in people's
mindsets in social processes, and these are
formed by social roles, identities and the
language used. T herefore, gender does not refer
to permanent differences like sex but to changes
that are in a state of restructuring within social
processes (Bowleg, 2013).
People are biologically divided into two different
sexes, male and female. However, the social
perception that emerges f rom people's social
relations with each other and their roles in these
social relations is expressed as gender
differences (Croson & Gneezy, 2009). Therefore,
it is possible to say that the concept of sex shapes
gender perception. However, although there is a
concept of gender defined through the difference
of sex, it should be noted that it is shaped in social
processes. It is a basic pr ocess that feeds the
gender perception that people want women and
men to adopt certain roles that are unique to them
in social life and divide the work accordingly.
Therefore, besides accepting that these roles and
responsibilities may change from society to
society, it is significant to accept that they are
also prone to change over time (Johnson &
Repta, 2012).
It is possible to see that roles are assigned to
people through biological sex in different
societies. However, searching for their roots in
psychological and social processes is necessary.
Although biological differences play important
roles in the distribution of social roles, it must be
accepted that psychological and social processes
shape them and are subject to change. From
traditional societies to modern ones, men and
women have been given responsibilities
according to their genders, and some behaviors
have been expected from them (Johnson &
Repta, 2012). In addition, the developmental
differences that emerged f rom a young age
strengthened these expectations. These
expectations are related to the developmental
structure revealed by gender differences and
generate some positive f eedback (Hill & Lynch,
1983). However, in cases where social roles are
separated sharply, it is seen that people tend to
create some stereotypes over time. In this way,
regardless of people's differences, a
psychological process evaluates all women or
men in the same category and attributes the same
characteristics to them. As a result of this
process, some features seen as unique to different
genders are activated, sometimes resulting in
negative behaviors such as contempt (Strand,
1999).
As a collective peculiarity that reflects a society's
religion, way of life, and way of thinking, culture
is the total of the material and spiritual
characteristics that society produces in its
historical process and transfers to subsequent
generations (Celik & Yildiz, 2019). Stereotypes
formed over gender differences become
permanent over time and appear as cultural forms
by being tr ansferred from generation to
generation. As such, in some cases, the features
attributed to gender can be seen as unique
features, and this situation can be accepted as
natural (Schmitt et al., 2017). In this case, while
the diff erent genders are indicated by some
characteristic features that are considered unique,
some occupations are suitable only for them. In
this case, the idea that men should perform
masculine professions, such as politicians,
emerges. In addition, this understanding is
supported by people who think men will take on
more rational and active roles. On the other hand,
the understanding that sees women as more
emotional and passive thinks that some
professions are specific to women (Davey,
2008).
The reflections of gender differences do not
appear only in the choice of profession. While
some specific behaviors are expected from
different genders, a dress code specific to them is
also determined (Donner, 2016). However, this
approach also has positive consequences. For
example, it should be noted that it triggers some
initiatives to protect women (Peterman et al.,
2014).
This perception of gender di fferences also
strengthens some claims of superiority. The
Para continuar leyendo
Solicita tu prueba