Qualitative Methods in Media Entrepreneurship Research: Clarification of the terms Framework, Model and Pattern
| Autor | Datis Khajeheian |
| Cargo | Assistant Professor of Media Management in the Faculty of Management at University of Tehran |
| Páginas | 13-32 |
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ABSTRACT
Interchangeable use of some terms that imply on different concepts and constructs has been a challenge
for the students and novice researchers. In particular, terms such as framework, model, pattern and
the verbs such as design, identify, present, propose have been used in several cases in the different
meaning and cause confusion for the researchers. This paper is a conceptual article that clarifies the
use of such technical terms in qualitative researches in the area of media entrepreneurship. Simply, it
defines framework as the limit and boundaries of a never studied phenomenon that includes factors and
elements; model as a depiction of relationship among the factors and elements that predicts how the
phenomenon works, and pattern as a previously successfully examined model that can be benchmarked
by the future researchers. Then the proper verbs for these technical terms have been suggested.
The findings are applicable in the media entrepreneurship and similar areas of qualitative researches,
including creative industries.
KEYWORDS
Media Entrepreneurship, Research Method, Qualitative methods, Framework, Model, Pattern.
RESUMEN
El uso intercambiable de algunos términos que implican conceptos y construcciones diferentes ha sido
un desafío para los estudiantes e investigadores principiantes. En particular, términos como “marco”,
“modelo” y “patrón” y los verbos como “diseñar”, “identificar”, “presentar” y “proponer” han sido
utilizados en varios casos en sus diferentes significados y causan confusión para los investigadores.
Este texto es un artículo conceptual que aclara el uso de dichos términos técnicos en investigaciones
cualitativas en el área del emprendimiento de medios. De manera simple, define el marco como el límite
y los límites de un fenómeno nunca estudiado que incluye factores y elementos; el modelo como una
representación de la relación entre los factores y elementos que predice cómo funciona el fenómeno,
y el patrón como un modelo previamente examinado con éxito que puede ser evaluado por los futuros
Qualitative Methods in Media Entrepreneurship
Research: Clarification of the terms Framework,
Model and Pattern
Métodos cualitativos en la investigación sobre emprendimiento de medios: Aclaración de los
términos “marco”, “modelo” y “patrón”
DATIS KHAJEHEIAN
JEL: M, M, C
Received:
Modified:
Accepted:
DOI: 10.17230/ad-minister.34.1
www.eafit.edu.co/ad-minister
1
1 Assistant Professor of Media Management in the Faculty of Management at University of Tehran. He
serves as a Visiting Lecturer in the Centre for Communication, Media and Information Technologies
in Aalborg University of Denmark as well as Berlin University of Digital Sciences. Datis has a PhD in
Media Management and an MA in Entrepreneurship with a specialty in New Venture Creation. Focused
on media entrepreneurship as his main area of interest. He is Head of the special interest group of
‘Emerging Media Markets’ in the European Media Management Association (EMMA) and founding
Editor-In-Chief of Journal of Media Management and Entrepreneurship (JMME). He has authored
numerous articles in English and Persian and has served in editorial roles of several academic journals.
ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9913-3732. Email:Khajeheian@ut.ac.ir
AD-minister Nº. 34 january - june 2019 pp. 13 - 32 · ISSN 1692-0279 · eISSN 2256-4322
Datis Khajeheian
Qualitative Methods in Media Entrepreneurship Research: Clarification of the terms Framework, Model and Pattern
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investigadores. Luego se han sugerido los verbos apropiados para estos términos técnicos. Los hallazgos
son aplicables en los medios de comunicación empresarial y áreas similares de investigaciones cualitativas,
incluidas las industrias creativas.
PALABRAS CLAVE
Emprendimientos de medios, método de investigación, métodos cualitativos, marco, modelo, patrón.
INTRODUCTION
I have been taught media management and entrepreneurship in my last ten years
in dierent countries, including Iran, Denmark and Germany, plus several guest
lecturing in other countries. In all of my experiences that involved with supervision,
I have been faced with careless use of technical word in the title and problem
statements of proposals, theses and research projects. When I assign as a reviewer
for a scientific journal, the story is the same. I face with dierent use of some technical
words with no care of what they really mean. In the study of media entrepreneurship
as an underdeveloped area of study with unclear boundaries with entrepreneurship
and media management, the problem is more challenging. Students apply the
terms inappropriately and then during the project they understand that what they
are seeking for needs to be addressed by another word. To reduce this confusion
and to provide a written text as a guide for those students, is the main incentive to
author this conceptual article.
A REVIEW ON MEDIA ENTREPRENEURSHIP RESEARCH
In the last two decades the subject of media entrepreneurship has received an
increasing attention from scholars, both established and novices. In a thorough
review of literature, we find Habann (2000) has investigates media enterprises
from a resource view perspective. We also find the possibly first special issue of
media entrepreneurship at 2002 in the international journal of media management
as media and entrepreneurship. This special issues covers some subjects that are
not particularly studied media entrepreneurship, but they had an entrepreneurial
look on the media enterprises. For example, Frank and Schreier (2002) focused on
entrepreneurial opportunities, Gerport and Negel (2002) venture capital firms in
the mobile business of Germany. Then we find Robert Picard (2004) who authored
an interesting article about typology of risks in family based media enterprises. In
2005, we see a first article that focused on the media entrepreneurs: Ngwainmbi
(2005) in an article of “The Black media entrepreneur and economic implications
for the 21st century” in the Journal of Black Studies provides a perspective to study
the media entrepreneurs as a subject of study, not a context. Consequently, Dennis
et al (2006) raised the level from individual to the firm level and studied media
companies and their strategies. There is an article from Hoag and Campaine in the
subject of media entrepreneurship in the era of big media. The date and publisher of
this article has never found, but based on google scholar we assume it is a workshop
paper that is published in 2006.
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