Science and Technology Parks: Missions, Functions and Roles in high-tech Firms operating in emerging countries
| Autor | Mohammad Sadegh Khayatian |
| Cargo | Associate Professor, Institute for Science and Technology Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Iran. Email: M_khayatian@sbu.ac.ir ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-3418 |
| Páginas | 73-96 |
73
AD-MINISTER
MOHAMMAD SADEGH
KHAYATIAN 1
JEL: I21, I23, M1
Received: 18/12/2020
Modified: 13/03/2021
Accepted: 16/04/2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17230/
Ad-minister.39.4
Science and Technology Parks:
Missions, Functions and Roles in high-tech Firms
operating in emerging countries
Parques científicos y tecnológicos: misiones, funciones y roles en empresas
de alta tecnología que operan en países emergentes
ABSTRACT
Given the vital role of Science and Technology (S&T) Parks in SME development, this article aims to
study function, missions and roles of these parks in developing Iranian SMEs. For those entrepreneurs
and SMEs focused on commercializing science, these parks provide essential information and advice, as
well as proper equipment and services to set the ground for growth and development and an effective
and independent presence in today’s competitive market. In the first phase, literature reviewed and the
functions of S&T Parks in previous research extracted. Then, the extracted missions were distributed
among the experts in the form of Delphi questionnaire. Finally, after three rounds of Delphi questionnaire,
the missions were finalized and the functions of each mission were operationally described based on
the opinions of experts.
KEYWORDS
S&T Parks, Commercialization, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, Delphi Survey.
RESUMEN
Debido al papel fundamental de los parques de ciencia y tecnología (C&T) en el desarrollo de las pymes,
este artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la función, misiones y roles de estos parques en el desarrollo
de las pymes iraníes. Para estos emprendedores y pymes centradas en la comercialización de la ciencia,
estos parques proporcionan información y asesoramiento esenciales, así como el equipo y los servicios
adecuados para sentar las bases para el crecimiento y el desarrollo y para una presencia eficiente e
independiente en el competitivo mercado actual. En la primera fase, se hizo una revisión de la literatura
y se extrajeron las funciones de los parques C&T de investigaciones previas. Luego, se distribuyeron
las misiones obtenidas de los expertos a través del cuestionario Delphi. Finalmente, después de tres
rondas del cuestionario Delphi, las misiones se finalizaron y las funciones de cada misión se describieron
operativamente con base en las opiniones de los expertos.
PALABRAS CLAVE
Parques C&T, Comercialización, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas, Encuesta Delphi
1. Associate Professor, Institute for Science and Technology Studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Iran.
Email: M_khayatian@sbu.ac.ir ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-3418
AD-minister Nº. 39 july - december 2021 pp. 73 - 96 · ISSN 1692-0279 · eISSN 2256-4322
Mohammad Sadegh Khayatian
Science and Technology Parks: Missions, Functions and Roles in high-tech Firms operating in emerging countries
74
AD-MINISTER
1-INTRODUCTION
Science and Technology (S&T) Park is an organization managed by professional
experts with a view to increasing wealth in society though promoting the culture of
innovation and competition between companies present in the park and knowledge-
based companies. To reach this objective, S&T Park keeps science and technology
running at universities, R&D institutes, private companies and the market and
manages the whole process. It also facilitates the growth of innovation-based
companies through incubators and spin-o processes. S&T Parks and incubators are
among the infrastructure created to support knowledge-based companies. These
centers are currently providing financial, spiritual and legal support, supplying
necessary equipment and facilities, oering advice and preparing necessary space
for the establishment and growth of knowledge-based companies (Talebi et al., 2010).
An entrepreneurial university can provide solutions for the scientific problems
of society, government, and enterprises, while facilitating innovation development
by faculty members, providing the market with the results of academic studies, and
introducing new innovative technologies (Naderibeni et al., 2020; Salamzadeh et
al., 2013, 2016, 2019). Some authors have already studied various aspects of these
universities in the Iranian context. For instance, the University of Tehran and Sharif
University of Technology are among the first entrepreneurial universities that have
been studied by various authors (Guerrero et al., 2014, 2015). The role of S&T Parks is
also implicitly or explicitly mentioned by a series of authors. Those research papers
have also highlighted the importance of paying attention to such mechanisms in
improving the entrepreneurial aspects of universities (Davari et al., 2018; Emami,
2018; Farsi et al., 2011, 2012).
Figure 1: S&T Park in Developing Entrepreneurial Universities
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