Vaccines, informed consent, effective remedy and integral reparation: an international human rights perspective
| Autor | Juana Ines Acosta López |
| Cargo | LLM in International Legal Studies (Hauser Global Scholar), New York University |
| Páginas | 19-63 |
Vniversitas. Bogotá (Colombia) N° 131: 19-64, julio-diciembre de 2015
VACCINES, INFORMED CONSENT,
EFFECTIVE REMEDY AND INTEGRAL
REPARATION: AN INTERNATIONAL
HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE*
VACUNAS, CONSENTIMIENTO INFORMADO,
RECURSO EFECTIVO Y REPARACIÓN
INTEGRAL: UNA PERSPECTIVA DEL
DERECHO INTERNACIONAL DE
LOS DERECHOS HUMANOS
Juana Ines Acosta López**
Reception date: January 30th, 2015
Acceptance date: September 18th, 2015
Available online: November 30th, 2015
To cite this article/ Para citar este a rtículo
Acosta, Ju ana I., Vaccines, Informed C onsent, Ef fective Remedy an d
Integral Repara tion: an Inter national Hu man Rights Pers pective, 131
Vniversitas, 19-64 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.vj131.vier
do i:10 .1114 4/ Ja ve ri a na .v j131.v ie r
ISSN:0041-9060
* Research a rticle. I would li ke to thank Profes sor Mary Holland for he r extraordinar y useful
guidan ce and supp ort in develo ping this p roject. She ha s shed light on a vital topi c that I
truly neg lected as a hum an rights iss ue. My admiration for h er passionate work on t his issue
and her compa ssionate closene ss with the affect ed families c annot be describ ed in words. I
would also li ke to thank my husba nd, whose patienc e; encouragem ent, help and advic e were
indisp ensable to the com pletion of this ar ticle and my wonder ful assist ants, Paola Patar royo
and Cindy Esp itia, for their hard work.
** LLM in Intern ational Leg al Studies ( Hauser Global S cholar), New York University. Maste r in
Human Right s and Democ ratizatio n, Universid ad Externa do de Colombia. Law yer, Ponticia
Universida d Javeriana. Head of the L aw Program, Universid ad de La Sabana. Pre sident of
the Colombian Ac ademy of Internati onal Law. External advi sor to the National Agenc y of
the State’s Defen se. Contact: juan acl@unisaba na.edu.co
Vniversitas. Bogotá (Colombia) N° 131: 19-64, julio-diciembre de 2015
20 JUANA INES ACOSTA LÓPEZ
ABSTR ACT
This pape r critically add resses the public deb ate about vaccines’ sa fety
and vacci nation choice , from a human r ights pers pective. It propo ses
a healthy bala nce betwe en the legitimate goal of publ ic health and the
protection of i ndividua l rights, a nd suggests t hat this ba lance shoul d
be informe d by the pri nciples of int ernationa l human rig hts law. Part
I explains th e default premise that i nformed consent is the g eneral rule
for any medical i ntervention and choice. Con sidering t hat compulsory
medical i nterventions v iolate the right to p rivacy and the r ight to physical
integrit y, their lim itation wi ll be legit imate onl y if the State’s compu l-
sory vacc ination policy is prov ided by law, and if strictly ne cessary and
proportiona l. Part II set s the intern ational sta ndards of an ef fective
remedy that mu st be provided if a State de cides to adopt a compulsor y
vaccin ation policy and p eople are injure d as a result of vacc ination, even
if injuri es might be at tributable t o private condu ct. Part III de velops
the intern ational standard s of integral repar ation and explains why, if a
compulsor y vaccinatio n policy is enac ted without ful lling the ad equate
criter ia for the limitati on of human rights , the State comm its an interna-
tionally w rongful act and it has the dut y to provide integral r eparation.
Keywords: vaccines; in formed consent; publ ic health and human r ights;
Inter-Americ an System of Human Rights; f reedom of choice
Vniversitas. Bogotá (Colombia) N° 131: 19-64, julio-diciembre de 2015
21
VACCINES, INFORMED CONSENT, EFFECTIVE REMEDY
AND INTEGRAL REPARATION
RESUMEN
Este artí culo evalúa c rítica mente el debate s obre la segu ridad de la s
vacunas y la l ibertad de ele cción desde una p erspectiva de der echos hu-
manos. Propone u n balance entr e la salud pública c omo interés legít imo
y la protecc ión de los derec hos individ uales, y sug iere que es te debate
debe ser in formado por los p rincipi os del derech o interna cional de los
derechos hu manos. La secci ón I explica la prem isa básica de que el c on-
sentim iento inform ado es la regl a general pa ra cualqu ier inter vención
médica y que l a libertad d e elección frent e a la vacunación e s un derecho
humano. Parti endo de la base de que las int ervenciones méd icas violan
el derecho a la pr ivacida d y la integr idad fís ica, la li mitació n a estos
derechos e s legítim a solo si la políti ca de vacun ación del Est ado está
provista por le y, y es estrictame nte necesar ia y proporcional. La se cción
II descr ibe las obligacione s internaciona les en relación con los r ecursos
efectivos que un E stado que decide adopt ar una política de vac unación
debe ofrec er en relac ión con posible s daños, aun c uando esto s sean
atribuible s a conductas de pa rticular es. La parte II I desarroll a el concep-
to de repara ción integral y exp lica por qué si una po lítica de vacuna ción
obligatoria e s promulgada sin cu mplir los crite rios para la li mitación de
derechos hu manos, se produce u n hecho ilícito int ernacional y su rge un
deber de reparar.
Palabras clave: vacunas; c onsenti miento in formado; Salud Púb lica y
Derechos Humanos; Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos;
libert ad de elección
SUMMA RY
IntroductIon.- I. Informed consent: vaccInatIon choIce as a human
rIght.- A. Informed consen t to vaccination as a preventive med ical treat-
ment.- A. Armed Con ict in Common Articl e 3.- 1. The UNESCO Decla-
ration of 2005.- 2. The Ov iedo Convention of 1997.- B. Public health an d
human rights re strictions: criteri a for the limitation of ind ividual rights.- II.
the rIght to an effectIve remedy for vaccInatIon InjurIes.- III. com-
pulsory vaccInatIon, Injur Ies and Int egral reparatIon.- A. General
criteria.- B. Integral reparatio n due to vaccines inju ries.- C. Guiding prin-
ciples check lis t.- ConClusion.- BiBliography.
Para continuar leyendo
Solicita tu prueba
COPYRIGHT Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
